Grade 9 Science Worksheets

Learning Objectives

• Describe the process of kidney osmoregulation and how it maintains water and ion balance.
• Identify the roles of different nephron segments in filtration, reabsorption, secretion, and concentration.
• Explain how hormones such as antidiuretic hormone and aldosterone influence renal water and ion regulation.+ Show more

Learning Objectives

• Define chemical properties as tendencies of substances to undergo specific chemical changes.
• Identify evidence of chemical change such as gas formation, precipitates, color change, and energy effects.
• Differentiate chemical properties from physical properties using real examples (rusting and combustion).

Learning Objectives

• Explain how allosteric control and inhibition types (competitive and noncompetitive) regulate enzyme activity.
• Describe how temperature, pH, covalent modification, and gene expression can change enzyme activity or concentration.
• Use feedback inhibition to predict how cells prevent overproduction in metabolic pathways.

Learning Objectives

• Understand the principle of conservation of mass during chemical reactions.
• Identify factors that can influence measured mass values.
• Explain how system boundaries and containment affect mass conservation analysis.+ Show more

Learning Objectives

• Describe the structure of different types of crystal lattices.
• Explain how unit cells define the properties of solids.
• Identify the characteristics of ionic, metallic, and covalent lattice types.+ Show more

Learning Objectives

• Explain how electricity moves from generation to consumers through transmission lines, substations, and distribution networks.
• Describe how voltage transformation supports efficient power transfer and safe delivery of electricity.
• Analyze how feeder topology and regional constraints affect reliability and capacity during normal operation and faults.

Learning Objectives

• Explain how conservation of matter applies to chemical reactions
• Balance simple chemical equations by matching atom counts of each element
• Interpret reaction coefficients as indicating relative particle counts+ Show more

Learning Objectives

• Understand how wind turbines generate electricity.
• Analyze the role of variable renewable energy sources in power grids.
• Identify challenges related to intermittency and grid balancing.+ Show more

Learning Objectives

• Understand how long-term climate patterns are identified through weather measurements.
• Interpret relationships between ocean-atmosphere interactions and regional weather changes.
• Differentiate between climate variability and climate change.+ Show more

Learning Objectives

• Explain how a device can be modeled as a system with interacting parts and specific roles.
• Map inputs, outputs, energy transfers, and material flow for a device system.
• Use systems thinking to predict how component compatibility and constraints affect reliability.+ Show more

Learning Objectives

• Differentiate between static and kinetic friction and describe how each depends on surface properties and normal force.
• Explain how drag depends on fluid density, cross-sectional area, and speed, including low-speed (linear) versus high-speed (quadratic) regimes.
• Use resistive-force ideas to predict how net force and acceleration change for objects moving on rough surfaces or through fluids.+ Show more

Learning Objectives

• Describe how the body regulates internal temperature in response to environmental changes.
• Identify key mechanisms such as sweating, shivering, and blood flow adjustments involved in thermoregulation.
• Explain the role of the hypothalamus in maintaining homeostasis.+ Show more

Learning Objectives

• Understand the basic features of ocean currents
• Identify the causes of surface and deep ocean currents
• Recognize the role of ocean circulation in climate regulation+ Show more

Learning Objectives

• Explain how energy flows one direction through food chains, including energy losses at each step.
• Describe how matter cycles through biological systems by rearranging atoms during photosynthesis and cellular respiration.
• Use trophic level ideas and biomass trends to interpret how organisms incorporate and redistribute energy and matter.

Learning Objectives

• Understand the principles of microscopy and how to interpret micrographs
• Identify cellular components based on staining patterns and contrast techniques
• Recognize the differences between electron and fluorescence microscopy+ Show more

Learning Objectives

• Understand how to interpret different types of graphs including scatterplots, histograms, and line graphs.
• Learn to evaluate axis scaling, labeling, and binning choices in graphical representations.
• Identify patterns, outliers, trends, and correlation structures in data visualizations.+ Show more

Learning Objectives

• Define resistance and key related vocabulary from a science text.
• Identify the main idea and supporting details about how ecosystems respond to disturbance.
• Use evidence from the passage to answer questions about ecosystem stability.

Learning Objectives

• Understand the functions of key organelles involved in cellular energy production and processing.
• Identify the roles of mitochondria, ribosomes, rough endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi apparatus, lysosomes, and peroxisomes.
• Explain how organelles work together to support cell activity and metabolism.

Learning Objectives

• Explain how wind-driven surface currents and density-driven thermohaline circulation redistribute heat in the ocean.
• Describe how ocean circulation features such as gyres, upwelling, and boundary currents influence regional climate and ecosystems.
• Analyze how changes in ocean circulation can interact with the atmosphere and affect weather and climate feedbacks.

Learning Objectives

• Understand the concept of balanced chemical equations
• Learn how to relate moles, mass, and particle counts using molar masses
• Identify limiting reagents in reactions+ Show more

Learning Objectives

• Explain how choosing a reference frame changes an observer’s measured speed, direction, and displacement
• Use vector addition to combine velocities and predict motion in relative-motion scenarios
• Distinguish between true acceleration in an inertial frame and apparent changes described in another frame

Learning Objectives

• Understand the basic causes of tidal forces.
• Recognize the roles of the Moon and the Sun in generating tides.
• Identify the phenomena of spring and neap tides.+ Show more

Learning Objectives

• Identify kinetic energy and gravitational potential energy in real situations
• Track total mechanical energy using energy accounting with work and non-conservative losses
• Explain how friction changes mechanical energy during motion

Learning Objectives

• Explain how genetic drift changes allele frequencies due to random events rather than differences in fitness
• Differentiate genetic drift from natural selection and from gene flow
• Describe how bottlenecks and founder effects can reduce genetic diversity and lead to fixation or loss of alleles+ Show more

Learning Objectives

• Explain particle conservation as the idea that atoms of each element are not created, destroyed, or lost during chemical reactions.
• Use the particle view to describe how reactants rearrange into products while maintaining the same number of each type of atom.
• Interpret conservation of matter using submicroscopic particle diagrams and atom counts.+ Show more

Learning Objectives

• Explain how organelles work together as an integrated system to support cell metabolism and maintenance
• Describe how transport vesicles and the cytoskeleton help move proteins and lipids between compartments
• Connect specific organelle functions (chloroplasts, mitochondria, ER, peroxisomes) to system-level cell outcomes

Learning Objectives

• Understand the different mechanisms of membrane transport and their roles in maintaining homeostasis.
• Identify passive vs. active transport processes and their properties.
• Describe vesicular transport methods such as endocytosis and exocytosis.+ Show more

Learning Objectives

• Explain how wave speed, frequency, and wavelength are related for waves traveling in the same medium.
• Use the relationship v = fλ to predict how changes in frequency affect wavelength (and vice versa).
• Interpret wave descriptions in terms of timing (frequency) and spacing (wavelength).

Learning Objectives

• Understand the role of the Sun in Earth's climate system.
• Identify the factors influencing Earth's energy balance.
• Recognize how solar radiation affects weather and long-term climate patterns.+ Show more

Learning Objectives

• Identify how epithelial tissue structure supports its barrier and selective exchange functions
• Explain how cell shape, tight junctions, and surface specializations affect permeability
• Use tissue structure–function vocabulary to answer questions about physiological roles

Learning Objectives

• Explain how resistive losses, power factor, and device selection affect electrical system efficiency.
• Use key metrics (e.g., real vs apparent power, efficiency, and loss mechanisms) to compare design options.
• Evaluate energy-saving strategies while considering real-world constraints such as infrastructure and operating requirements.

Learning Objectives

• Explain how extraction of Earth resources can alter landforms, habitats, and erosion patterns
• Analyze how pollution and water withdrawal change the transport of contaminants and affect material cycles
• Evaluate sustainability using criteria such as renewability, cumulative effects, and reclamation trade-offs

Learning Objectives

• Represent a changing system using time-series descriptions and difference equations.
• Identify equilibrium, transient behavior, and feedback effects in data and simple models.
• Use temporal patterns to infer causal structure and distinguish model expectations from observations.

Learning Objectives

• Understand how to interpret displacement–time graphs
• Identify key features such as slope and interpret their physical meaning
• Recognize curved segments as indications of changing acceleration+ Show more

Learning Objectives

• Understand the concept of ionic bonds between atoms
• Identify properties that result from ionic bonding
• Explain how ionic bonds form through electron transfer+ Show more

Learning Objectives

• Understand the principles of dimensional analysis and unit consistency in physical measurements.
• Apply unit-checking techniques to identify algebraic errors in calculations.
• Derive relationships between quantities using correct units and interpret scaled models.+ Show more

Learning Objectives

• Explain how forces can change an object’s motion through push or pull effects
• Distinguish between contact forces and non-contact forces using real-world Alberta examples
• Describe how force magnitude and direction combine to predict qualitative motion

Learning Objectives

• Explain how Earth’s axial tilt and orbit around the Sun produce seasonal changes
• Describe how the angle of sunlight and day length affect solar energy received at different latitudes
• Use the ideas of solstices and changing day length to predict patterns of seasons

Learning Objectives

• Understand the basic principles of natural selection
• Identify examples of phenotypic variation
• Explain the role of genetic variation in evolution+ Show more

Learning Objectives

• Understand the basic principles of the particle model of matter.
• Describe the arrangement and motion of particles in solids, liquids, and gases.
• Explain how temperature affects particle behavior and energy.+ Show more

Learning Objectives

• Explain how diffusion at the alveolar–capillary interface depends on partial pressure gradients, surface area, and membrane thickness.
• Describe how ventilation mechanics and anatomical dead space affect gas exchange during breathing.
• Identify factors that influence oxygen uptake and carbon dioxide removal, including haemoglobin affinity and perfusion matching.+ Show more

Learning Objectives

• Understand the basic concepts of natural selection
• Identify how selective pressures influence evolving traits
• Differentiate natural selection from artificial selection+ Show more

Learning Objectives

• Use dimensional analysis to check whether a derived formula is consistent with the units of each quantity.
• Derive relationships between physical quantities by forming ratios and ensuring unit cancellation.
• Identify algebraic or modeling mistakes by tracking units during scaling and rate calculations.

Learning Objectives

• Understand how to construct and critique scientific arguments using claim-evidence-reasoning frameworks.
• Identify coherence, relevance, and the consideration of alternative explanations in scientific arguments.
• Evaluate how quantitative evidence and model comparisons strengthen arguments.+ Show more

Learning Objectives

• Explain how genetic technologies can create ecological, economic, and health risks and benefits.
• Describe the idea of risk assessment, including uncertainty and long-term monitoring.
• Evaluate trade-offs using Alberta-relevant examples such as canola introgression and cattle genetics.

Learning Objectives

• Understand the distinction between elements, compounds, and mixtures based on their macroscopic and compositional criteria.
• Identify definitions of pure substances and mixtures, and recognize common examples.
• Learn to use symbols and formulas to represent elements and compounds.+ Show more

Learning Objectives

• Understand the concept of power as the rate of energy transfer in mechanical systems.
• Explain the meaning of efficiency and how it compares useful output energy to input energy.
• Identify factors that cause energy loss in systems such as heat, sound, or deformation.+ Show more

Learning Objectives

• Explain how heat transfer depends on temperature differences between a system and its surroundings.
• Describe how work is done when a force acts over a distance and transfers energy to or from a system.
• Use the idea of system energy changes due to transfers to analyze physical and chemical changes.