Grade 9 Science Worksheets

Learning Objectives

• Explain dominant and recessive allele interactions during inheritance.
• Construct Punnett squares to predict genotype and phenotype ratios.
• Compare Mendelian inheritance with incomplete dominance and codominance.+ Show more

Learning Objectives

• Explain why energy decreases between successive trophic levels
• Interpret food webs and trophic pyramids as ecosystem models
• Describe ecological efficiency and production-to-biomass ratios+ Show more

Learning Objectives

• Analyze how land-use change affects biodiversity and ecosystem functioning
• Explain how agricultural runoff changes aquatic ecosystem conditions
• Interpret evidence about human impacts on ecosystem dynamics+ Show more

Learning Objectives

• Explain how photosynthesis stores energy and cycles carbon and oxygen
• Describe how cellular respiration affects producer biomass and consumer energy
• Calculate net primary productivity from production and respiration values+ Show more

Learning Objectives

• Develop testable predictions about biological diversity.
• Plan safe investigations with consistent sampling procedures.
• Interpret biodiversity observations and identify uncertainty.+ Show more

Learning Objectives

• Compare how air, water, and soil transport or retain substances.
• Distinguish biodegradation from toxicity using scientific evidence.
• Explain what an LD50 value measures under specified conditions.+ Show more

Learning Objectives

• Identify altitude and azimuth as coordinates describing an object's sky position.
• Explain how parallax observations provide evidence of relative distance.
• Interpret Doppler frequency shifts to infer motion toward or away from an observer.+ Show more

Learning Objectives

• Explain how amount, chemical form, and context affect substance harm.
• Describe how uptake and elimination influence substance retention.
• Interpret dilution models to compare environmental concentrations.+ Show more

Learning Objectives

• Explain how spacecraft manage pressure, temperature, and radiation hazards
• Describe how life-support systems manage air and water resources
• Compare documented space technologies with speculative design possibilities+ Show more

Learning Objectives

• Interpret chemical formulas to identify types and relative numbers of atoms
• Distinguish elements from compounds using chemical representations
• Predict ionic combining ratios from positive and negative ion charges+ Show more

Learning Objectives

• Compare electricity generation methods using resource and environmental criteria
• Explain how batteries help balance electricity supply and demand
• Identify conservation actions that reduce unnecessary electricity use+ Show more

Learning Objectives

• Compare geocentric and heliocentric models of the solar system
• Distinguish astronomical observations from scientific models
• Explain how Galileo's observations challenged earlier explanations+ Show more

Learning Objectives

• Distinguish static charge from sustained electric current
• Explain how conductors, resistors, and switches affect circuit current
• Calculate voltage, current, or resistance using Ohm's law+ Show more

Learning Objectives

• Distinguish physical changes from chemical changes using observable evidence
• Construct testable predictions for controlled chemical investigations
• Interpret measurements while considering uncertainty and alternative explanations+ Show more

Learning Objectives

• Explain how inherited variation can influence survival and reproduction.
• Describe an organism's ecological niche using resource needs and environmental conditions.
• Compare mutualism, commensalism, and parasitism using species interactions.+ Show more

Learning Objectives

• Identify observable evidence that may indicate a chemical reaction
• Explain how temperature, concentration, and surface area affect reaction rates
• Design fair tests using controlled variables and consistent measurements+ Show more

Learning Objectives

• Compare optical and radio telescopes by the signals they detect.
• Explain how satellite measurements support Earth observation.
• Interpret geometric models used to estimate satellite-based positions.+ Show more

Learning Objectives

• Distinguish experimental evidence from theoretical atomic models.
• Explain how atomic number determines an element's identity.
• Describe the relationship between neutral atoms, protons, and electrons.+ Show more

Learning Objectives

• Identify practical benefits of space projects for people and communities
• Describe Canadian contributions through the Canadarm and Canadarm2
• Compare space project benefits, costs, and alternative approaches+ Show more

Learning Objectives

• Develop testable predictions about questions in space exploration
• Plan safe investigations using appropriate observations and measurements
• Interpret sensor data while identifying uncertainty and alternative explanations+ Show more

Learning Objectives

• Calculate electrical power from voltage and current measurements.
• Determine energy transferred using power and operating time.
• Convert operating time into seconds for energy calculations.+ Show more

Learning Objectives

• Interpret ppm, pH, and dissolved-oxygen measurements in environmental samples
• Explain how biological observations complement chemical measurements
• Evaluate sampling plans using location, timing, and evidence limitations+ Show more

Learning Objectives

• Explain how DNA, genes, and chromosomes relate to inherited characteristics
• Compare the outcomes and roles of mitosis and meiosis
• Distinguish natural selection from selective breeding using examples+ Show more

Learning Objectives

• Explain how habitat change affects organism abundance and genetic variation
• Distinguish global extinction from regional disappearance
• Interpret habitat diagrams to identify barriers and connections+ Show more

Learning Objectives

• Develop a testable prediction about changes in stream turbidity
• Identify safe procedures for investigating environmental chemistry questions
• Interpret turbidity observations and explain sources of uncertainty+ Show more

Learning Objectives

• Distinguish mixtures, pure substances, elements, and compounds by composition.
• Compare materials using measured physical properties.
• Explain how controlled conditions improve material comparisons.+ Show more

Learning Objectives

• Explain energy conversions in chemical cells, electric motors, and generators
• Describe how electromagnetic induction produces voltage in a generator
• Compare useful energy outputs with transfers to the surroundings+ Show more

Learning Objectives

• Develop testable predictions for electrical circuit investigations.
• Identify variables and hazards in a safe circuit test.
• Interpret electrical measurements while considering uncertainty.+ Show more

Learning Objectives

• Compare how sexual and asexual reproduction transmit genetic information.
• Distinguish inherited characteristics from environmentally influenced differences.
• Explain discrete and continuous variation using biological examples.+ Show more

Learning Objectives

• Identify the traditional taxonomic ranks from domain to species.
• Explain how binomial nomenclature standardizes scientific names.
• Compare morphological, developmental, and genetic classification evidence.+ Show more

Learning Objectives

• Explain how reproduction, mortality, immigration, and emigration change population size
• Describe carrying capacity in relation to available environmental resources
• Distinguish density-dependent factors from density-independent factors+ Show more

Learning Objectives

• Explain how catabolic and anabolic pathways support one another
• Describe how hormones coordinate nutrient use and energy storage
• Compare rapid enzyme regulation with longer-term metabolic adjustments+ Show more

Learning Objectives

• Distinguish genotype from phenotype in inherited traits
• Compare complete dominance, incomplete dominance, and codominance
• Interpret genetic crosses using Mendelian inheritance probabilities+ Show more

Learning Objectives

• Interpret standard pedigree symbols and biological relationships across generations
• Distinguish autosomal, X-linked, and mitochondrial inheritance patterns
• Explain how carrier status affects autosomal recessive inheritance+ Show more

Learning Objectives

• Define biodiversity and identify major human pressures on ecosystems.
• Explain how habitat fragmentation affects population connectivity and survival.
• Describe how fertilizer runoff can change aquatic ecosystem conditions.+ Show more

Learning Objectives

• Explain how photosynthesis stores light energy in organic molecules.
• Trace energy transfer through producers and successive consumers.
• Identify the trophic roles of herbivores, carnivores, and decomposers.+ Show more

Learning Objectives

• Distinguish ecosystem resistance from ecosystem resilience using examples.
• Explain how disturbance frequency and severity affect ecosystem recovery.
• Describe how biodiversity and habitat connectivity support resilience.+ Show more

Learning Objectives

• Explain how PCR, gel electrophoresis, and DNA sequencing differ.
• Describe how CRISPR can target genetic material for modification.
• Identify biotechnology applications in medicine, agriculture, and forensic science.+ Show more

Learning Objectives

• Describe how fossils preserve evidence of past organisms and environments.
• Compare relative dating with radiometric dating methods.
• Explain how transitional fossils provide evidence of evolutionary relationships.+ Show more

Learning Objectives

• Explain how ligand binding to receptors initiates cellular signaling.
• Describe the roles of second messengers in signal transduction.
• Explain how phosphorylation can alter protein activity.+ Show more

Learning Objectives

• Explain how insulin lowers blood glucose after a meal
• Identify how pancreatic beta cells and alpha cells respond to glucose changes
• Compare glycogenolysis with gluconeogenesis in blood glucose regulation+ Show more

Learning Objectives

• Explain how fossil sequences reveal chronological patterns in evolutionary history.
• Identify transitional forms from combinations of ancestral and later traits.
• Distinguish homologous structures from analogous structures using anatomy.+ Show more

Learning Objectives

• Explain how respiratory and circulatory systems supply oxygen to tissues
• Describe how digestion makes nutrients available for absorption
• Identify how the kidneys regulate water and electrolyte balance+ Show more

Learning Objectives

• Explain how electron transfer powers proton pumping across membranes.
• Describe how an electrochemical gradient stores potential energy.
• Explain how ATP synthase produces ATP through chemiosmosis.+ Show more

Learning Objectives

• Define evolution using heritable traits and allele frequencies.
• Explain how natural selection changes allele frequencies across generations.
• Distinguish genetic drift from natural selection.+ Show more

Learning Objectives

• Compare simple diffusion and facilitated diffusion by their transport mechanisms.
• Explain osmosis and its role in cellular water balance.
• Describe how ATP powers active transport against concentration gradients.+ Show more

Learning Objectives

• Differentiate catabolic and anabolic pathways by their roles in cells
• Explain how ATP supports energy transfer during cellular reactions
• Describe how metabolic intermediates connect interconnected pathways+ Show more

Learning Objectives

• Distinguish primary succession from secondary succession using soil conditions
• Explain how pioneer species contribute to soil development
• Identify factors that influence community composition during succession+ Show more