Grade 4 Science Worksheets

Learning Objectives

• Describe how external plant structures help plants obtain resources and survive.
• Explain how leaf adaptations support gas exchange and reduce water loss.
• Identify roles of roots, seeds, and pods in plant survival and growth.+ Show more

Learning Objectives

• Explain what behavioral adaptations are and how they help organisms survive and reproduce.
• Identify examples of behavioral adaptations such as migration, hibernation, shelter building, camouflage stillness, and alertness.
• Describe how behavioral traits can change with an organism’s environment and life-cycle stage.+ Show more

Learning Objectives

• Explain how energy comes from natural resources and how the process affects land, air, and water
• Identify ways energy choices can improve or harm the environment
• Use evidence from simple texts to describe energy-resource impacts

Learning Objectives

• Describe how wind erosion moves and removes fine particles from exposed land.
• Explain how moving water erodes land during storms by carrying soil and reshaping streambanks and slopes.
• Compare solutions that reduce wind erosion with solutions that manage water flow and impact.

Learning Objectives

• Explain how forces can change an object’s motion, including starting, slowing, and changing direction.
• Distinguish between contact forces (pushes and pulls) and describe the role of strength and direction.
• Use evidence from a scenario to identify what force is happening and predict the effect on motion.

Learning Objectives

• Explain how unbalanced forces can change an object’s speed and/or direction
• Describe how friction can slow a moving object down
• Use observations of motion over time to connect net force direction to motion patterns

Learning Objectives

• Identify evidence that a chemical change forms a new substance with new properties
• Distinguish physical changes from chemical changes using observations and clues
• Explain why some changes cannot be undone by simply heating or cooling+ Show more

Learning Objectives

• Identify the main stages of the water cycle: evaporation, condensation, precipitation, and collection
• Explain how solar energy drives the water cycle and how water moves between Earth’s systems
• Use key vocabulary to describe how water changes state (liquid, gas, and ice) during the cycle

Learning Objectives

• Explain how Earth’s rotation causes regular changes in sunlight and darkness.
• Use vocabulary such as axis, rotate, daytime, and nighttime to describe day and night.
• Identify how locations on Earth experience sunrise and sunset at different times.

Learning Objectives

• Distinguish solids, liquids, and gases by their observable properties.
• Identify how particles and movement relate to shape and volume in different states of matter.
• Use temperature-related thinking to explain why matter can change state.

Learning Objectives

• Explain that gravity is a force that pulls objects toward Earth.
• Describe how gravity affects the motion of objects when they are released or supported.
• Identify everyday examples of gravity influencing speed and resting positions.

Learning Objectives

• Explain why scientists use models to represent objects, systems, or processes that are hard to observe directly.
• Describe how models use simplified parts, patterns, or scale representations to connect evidence to explanations.
• Identify how assumptions in a model can be tested and revised using new observations.

Learning Objectives

• Generate multiple solution ideas for a problem using given constraints
• Compare solution ideas by considering tradeoffs related to criteria and limits
• Explain which solution best meets the original problem statement using evidence

Learning Objectives

• Explain why the Moon appears to change shape over about a month
• Describe how sunlight and the Moon’s position relative to Earth affect which part of the Moon we see
• Use a simple cycle idea to predict how phases progress from one night to the next

Learning Objectives

• Describe physical properties of materials using observation terms such as color, texture, transparency, and flexibility.
• Distinguish between measurable physical properties and properties identified through careful observation.
• Use physical properties to classify materials and predict how they behave in everyday situations.

Learning Objectives

• Identify mechanisms of energy transfer between objects and across different media (solids, liquids, gases).
• Connect energy transfer to observable changes in motion and to changes in thermal state.
• Use evidence from temperature or motion observations to explain what energy was transferred and how.

Learning Objectives

• Identify the control, independent variable, and dependent variable in a fair test plan.
• Choose a measurement that can be recorded quantitatively in an investigation.
• Explain how test results help refine a design using only one changing variable.

Learning Objectives

• Plan a fair test by isolating one variable and keeping other conditions the same
• Collect and record quantitative data such as time, displacement, or load
• Interpret results to identify likely failure modes and choose an improved design change+ Show more

Learning Objectives

• Identify reversible phase changes and describe how temperature changes can reverse them.
• Match common phase-change processes to the correct direction (melting/freezing, evaporation/condensation).
• Explain why reversible phase changes usually do not create a new material.

Learning Objectives

• Plan a fair test by changing only one variable at a time while keeping other conditions the same.
• Collect and record quantitative results during trials using measurements such as load, time, and displacement.
• Interpret test outcomes to identify failure modes and decide what design change to make next.+ Show more

Learning Objectives

• Generate multiple possible design solutions for a simple problem.
• Compare solutions using measurable and observable criteria such as distance, speed, and stability.
• Use qualitative and quantitative evidence to choose one solution for refinement.

Learning Objectives

• Describe how energy can transfer when objects collide, roll, or swing.
• Connect changes in motion to energy transfer during interactions.
• Explain heat flow from warmer materials to cooler materials and relate it to temperature change.+ Show more

Learning Objectives

• Compare multiple design solutions using clear criteria and constraints.
• Collect and use measurements such as distance, speed, and stability to judge solutions.
• Choose the best solution (or combination) for refinement based on evidence.

Learning Objectives

• Identify criteria and constraints for comparing solutions.
• Explain why comparisons should be fair and measurable.
• Use one criterion and one constraint to judge a design idea.

Learning Objectives

• Explain how collisions transfer energy and change motion.
• Use evidence to describe cause and effect in an energy transfer story.
• Connect changes in speed or direction to the way energy moves between objects.

Learning Objectives

• Identify different types of constraints that affect a design during problem solving.
• Explain how constraints limit possible solutions in real-world engineering situations.
• Use vocabulary such as material, dimensions, mass, operating conditions, time, and environmental safety to describe constraints.

Learning Objectives

• Identify plant root and stem structures and describe what they help the plant do.
• Explain how structure supports function in plant life.
• Use key details from a short passage to answer questions.

Learning Objectives

• Explain how scientific investigations connect a question to evidence using observations and measurements.
• Identify the role of tools and units in collecting consistent data.
• Classify common investigation practices such as using variables, recording results, and using data to support conclusions.

Learning Objectives

• Explain how external and internal structures help plants and animals survive.
• Describe how plant roots, stems, and leaves perform different functions.
• Identify animal structures that help with feeding, support, and protection.+ Show more

Learning Objectives

• Explain how energy moves from producers to consumers through a food chain.
• Identify trophic levels and describe what happens to energy at each feeding step.
• Use evidence from a passage to determine main ideas about energy flow.

Learning Objectives

• Explain what a life cycle is and why animals go through different stages
• Identify common stages of animal life cycles (such as egg, larva, tadpole, adult)
• Describe how metamorphosis changes an animal’s body form as it develops

Learning Objectives

• Identify common weather measurements and the tools used to measure them (temperature, precipitation, wind, and observable conditions).
• Explain why recording weather data in numbers and categories helps scientists compare conditions over time.
• Use weather data ideas to describe patterns and possible changes in weather.

Learning Objectives

• Explain how external and internal structures help plants and animals perform life functions.
• Describe how plant structures such as roots, stems, and leaves support obtaining food, transporting materials, and making food.
• Identify animal structures (such as beaks, teeth, limbs, and organs) and match them to their functions.

Learning Objectives

• Explain how evidence supports a scientific claim by describing the reasoning connection.
• Use organized representations (tables, graphs, labeled diagrams) to communicate evidence clearly.
• Distinguish between what is known from evidence and what is being proposed or tested next.+ Show more

Learning Objectives

• Explain how local pollution sources can spread through air and water or settle on land.
• Identify practical actions communities can take to reduce pollution before it harms ecosystems.
• Describe how individual and group choices support healthier habitats and protect resources.

Learning Objectives

• Explain how energy and matter move among the atmosphere, hydrosphere, geosphere, and biosphere.
• Describe how changes in one Earth system can affect other systems and local weather.
• Use evidence from a passage to identify main ideas and interpret cause-and-effect relationships.

Learning Objectives

• Identify the main stages of a plant life cycle (seed, sprout, mature plant, reproduction).
• Explain how plant structures such as roots, stems, leaves, flowers, and seeds support survival and reproduction.
• Describe how plants meet basic needs (water, nutrients, and light) during growth.+ Show more

Learning Objectives

• Explain how structural adaptations help organisms survive in specific environments
• Identify examples of structural adaptations and match them to their functions
• Use evidence from an informational text to determine main ideas

Learning Objectives

• Explain the difference between weather and climate using examples of temperature, precipitation, wind, and cloud cover.
• Identify how weather can change quickly while climate changes more slowly over years.
• Use key vocabulary related to atmosphere and patterns to answer questions about observations and long-term trends.

Learning Objectives

• Explain how mass describes the amount of matter in an object and how it can be compared
• Describe temperature as a measure of how hot or cold something is and relate it to energy transfer
• Use mass and temperature together to better understand everyday changes in matter

Learning Objectives

• Identify amplitude as the maximum displacement of a wave from its rest position
• Determine wavelength as the distance between successive crests on a wave diagram
• Use displacement-versus-position graphs to describe how changing amplitude or wavelength affects wave patterns+ Show more

Learning Objectives

• Explain how structure and function help organisms survive in challenging environments.
• Describe how plant traits (like spines and tough stems) can reduce harm and water loss.
• Describe how animal sensory structures (like eyes, antennae, and whiskers) help locate resources and avoid threats.+ Show more

Learning Objectives

• Define the parts of a wave: crest, trough, and displacement
• Explain what wavelength and amplitude mean using a model
• Identify wave patterns described by position and displacement

Learning Objectives

• Identify how rock layers (superposition) and rock features can provide evidence about changes in Earth’s past.
• Explain how fossils and their environments help scientists infer past habitats and climate conditions.
• Use evidence from multiple layers and fossil records to support a claim about environmental change over time.

Learning Objectives

• Explain how wave patterns can represent information using amplitude, frequency, timing, and pulses
• Identify examples of information transfer that use sound or light pulses
• Compare how signal clarity can change when interference and bandwidth limits affect transmission

Learning Objectives

• Understand how patterns of waves encode and transmit information.
• Identify different types of signals such as Morse code, rhythmic sounds, and optical signals.
• Compare signal clarity, interference susceptibility, and bandwidth requirements across media.+ Show more

Learning Objectives

• Identify the living and nonliving components of an ecosystem
• Explain how nonliving factors (sunlight, water, air, temperature, and soil) affect which organisms can survive
• Describe how living things in an ecosystem depend on one another and on nonliving conditions

Learning Objectives

• Identify common forms of energy (light, heat, sound, and electrical energy) and describe how each can affect matter.
• Explain how energy can transfer from one object to another and change form.
• Use evidence from real-world examples to support predictions about energy-related changes.