Grade 4 Science Worksheets

Learning Objectives

• Explain why the Moon’s visible shape changes during a month
• Describe the repeating sequence of lunar phases from the student’s viewpoint on Earth
• Use observations to support a claim about how lunar phases follow a pattern

Learning Objectives

• Explain how food, water, oxygen, and temperature support growth over time.
• Describe how habitat features can affect an organism’s growth and development.
• Use evidence from a passage to answer questions about growth conditions.

Learning Objectives

• Identify observations that lead to a design problem.
• Write or describe a clear problem statement of what needs to change.
• Connect possible solution ideas to changes in shape, materials, or structure.+ Show more

Learning Objectives

• Compare life cycles of different organisms by observing stage-by-stage body features, movement, and feeding needs
• Distinguish between complete metamorphosis and gradual development using evidence from observable stages
• Explain how developmental changes help organisms survive as their needs change

Learning Objectives

• Explain how testing results provide evidence about whether a proposed solution works.
• Describe how recording results clearly helps scientists find patterns across attempts.
• Use data from test outcomes to identify what worked, what failed, and what to improve.

Learning Objectives

• Understand the key properties used to identify minerals, such as hardness, streak, cleavage, fracture, lustre, and colour.
• Learn simple field tests to distinguish different minerals and support classification.
• Recognize the importance of mineral properties in rock formation and everyday materials.

Learning Objectives

• Use ray lines to predict where light is fully blocked and where light is present in shadows.
• Explain how extending rays helps locate regions of full illumination and darkness.
• Use incident and reflected ray directions to describe simple reflections on smooth surfaces.

Learning Objectives

• Explain how mechanical advantage relates input and output forces using a ratio
• Use distance (or rotation) trade-offs to interpret how force changes affect motion
• Convert between units appropriately and describe what a ratio without units means

Learning Objectives

• Explain how heat, pressure, and chemically active fluids change preexisting rocks into metamorphic rocks.
• Distinguish contact metamorphism from regional metamorphism using examples and where they occur.
• Describe how recrystallization, foliation, and mineral alignment show metamorphic change.+ Show more

Learning Objectives

• Identify sand, silt, clay, and loam using particle size distribution and basic properties.
• Describe how soil texture affects permeability, aeration, and nutrient retention.
• Explain how organic content can improve soil structure, fertility, and water-holding capacity.

Learning Objectives

• Explain how population size can increase or decrease over generations due to birth rate, resources, predation, and disease.
• Describe how adaptations—physical and behavioral—help individuals survive and increase the chance that their traits become more common.
• Connect numerical changes in species abundance to traits that affect survival in a changing environment.

Learning Objectives

• Explain the difference between primary and secondary succession after a disturbance.
• Describe how pioneer species and soil development change an ecosystem over generations.
• Predict how resource availability and species interactions shift as succession progresses.

Learning Objectives

• Understand different conservation strategies and their role in habitat recovery.
• Identify the differences between passive protection and active restoration methods.
• Recognize the importance of ecological indicators and community planning in conservation.+ Show more

Learning Objectives

• Identify different functional roles within communities such as producers, consumers, decomposers, pollinators, predators, and prey.
• Explain how energy and matter move through community roles and pathways.
• Differentiate among feeding modes and trophic functions in ecosystems.+ Show more

Learning Objectives

• Explain how patterns in tables and charts can be represented with simple models to show relationships.
• Use a model to make predictions and describe where evidence supports the model.
• Identify when a model needs more data because observations do not follow the pattern.

Learning Objectives

• Define the changing variable, responding variable, and fixed conditions in a science investigation.
• Explain why controlled variables help scientists separate cause from coincidence.
• Use a study plan to choose one change at a time while keeping background conditions the same.

Learning Objectives

• Compare life-cycle stages in different organisms by using observable features.
• Distinguish complete metamorphosis from gradual development using stage changes.
• Explain how each life-cycle stage meets different survival needs such as movement, food, and body covering.+ Show more

Learning Objectives

• Explain how species richness and evenness help describe biodiversity in a community
• Identify how native and introduced species can change the make-up of a habitat
• Describe how habitat heterogeneity can support greater biodiversity

Learning Objectives

• Understand how constraints influence design decisions.
• Identify examples of tradeoffs in engineering and design.
• Analyze how limitations on materials and dimensions affect feasible solutions.+ Show more

Learning Objectives

• Identify common simple machines and match each one to its mechanical role.
• Describe how simple machines change the direction or magnitude of an input force.
• Sort simple machines into functional categories: force multipliers, distance changers, and direction changers.+ Show more

Learning Objectives

• Describe how transparent, translucent, and opaque materials affect light transmission
• Explain how absorption, reflection, and scattering change light intensity and appearance
• Identify how surface and bulk properties influence colour and the look of dimmed or filtered light+ Show more

Learning Objectives

• Explain how water, ice, and wind can cause erosion and move sediment
• Describe how deposition forms landforms such as valleys, deltas, beaches, and moraines
• Use cause-and-effect language to explain how sediment patterns can record past environmental changes+ Show more

Learning Objectives

• Identify the responding variable in a science investigation question.
• Choose consistent measurement methods and recording criteria for fair comparisons.
• Select appropriate units and measurement tools for collecting usable data.

Learning Objectives

• Identify mutualism, commensalism, and parasitism using clues about who benefits
• Explain how symbiotic relationships can affect survival and reproduction in populations
• Use vocabulary to describe different species interactions in an ecosystem

Learning Objectives

• Explain how recorded test results can show relationships between design changes and performance outcomes.
• Identify patterns in data that suggest which design feature needs revision.
• Use outcome measures (increase/decrease) to support evidence-based refinement decisions.+ Show more

Learning Objectives

• Explain how observable evidence supports a claim in science investigations.
• Identify features of a testable question that can be answered with measurable information.
• Distinguish between observations, claims, and hypotheses in simple scientific thinking.+ Show more

Learning Objectives

• Understand how to communicate scientific findings clearly and logically.
• Identify the key components of credible scientific communication.
• Learn how to interpret and summarize patterns and evidence in experiments.+ Show more

Learning Objectives

• Explain how an inclined plane increases distance to reduce the input force needed to lift an object
• Compare ramps and screw threads as continuous inclined planes and describe how pitch and angle affect mechanical advantage
• Describe how friction and contact area can limit how well an inclined plane or screw works

Learning Objectives

• Explain how scientific communication includes stating a clear claim and connecting evidence to that claim.
• Use precise scientific language to describe methods, results, patterns, and uncertainty.
• Identify why certain methods and evidence make findings more trustworthy.

Learning Objectives

• Define the difference between the independent variable and the dependent variable in a controlled experiment.
• Identify which conditions must stay the same to keep a test fair.
• Explain how controlling variables helps scientists avoid misleading results.+ Show more

Learning Objectives

• Understand how patterns in tables and charts can be translated into models.
• Learn to identify relationships and trends in data.
• Create simple models like arrows, graphs, or diagrams to summarize data.+ Show more

Learning Objectives

• Explain that life cycles describe repeating stages an organism goes through from one generation to the next.
• Identify and describe common life cycle stages in animals and in plants.
• Use evidence from observations (body size, shape, and needs) to infer life cycle stages.+ Show more

Learning Objectives

• Explain how deposition happens when transporting forces slow down
• Identify examples of deposition by flowing water and by wind
• Describe how sediment thickness can show changes over time+ Show more

Learning Objectives

• Identify natural and artificial light sources and describe how they produce light
• Explain how emitted light and reflected light differ when objects are seen
• Use the idea that light travels in straight lines to predict visibility and beam behavior+ Show more

Learning Objectives

• Understand how scientific principles like force, friction, gravity, and electricity influence design decisions.
• Learn how engineering choices align with scientific concepts to improve prototype performance.
• Recognize the importance of scientific understanding in creating functional systems like flashlights.+ Show more

Learning Objectives

• Understand the sequence of the Moon's phases over a lunar cycle.
• Identify different lunar phases and their characteristics.
• Explain how Earth's perspective affects the appearance of the Moon.+ Show more

Learning Objectives

• Explain how meshing gear teeth transmit rotational motion from one gear to another.
• Calculate or predict how gear ratio affects rotational speed and torque direction changes.
• Describe how idler gears and compound gear trains change motion in compact mechanisms.

Learning Objectives

• Explain how Earth’s rotation and its position relative to the Sun relate to daily patterns of light and temperature.
• Describe how the Moon orbits Earth and why different amounts of the Moon’s sunlit side are visible.
• Use models or sky observations to connect motion in space to predictable changes we see.

Learning Objectives

• Understand how to evaluate prototypes using specific criteria.
• Learn the constraints that limit design options.
• Compare performance features against criteria within constraints.+ Show more

Learning Objectives

• Identify abiotic and biotic components of a habitat.
• Explain how shelter, food, water, space, and light are habitat components.
• Distinguish habitat from niche using simple examples.+ Show more

Learning Objectives

• Use ray models to describe how light travels in straight lines.
• Predict areas of full illumination and darkness using intersecting and extended rays.
• Explain how angle relationships determine reflected directions from smooth surfaces.

Learning Objectives

• Understand different ways human activities affect local habitats and ecosystems.
• Identify observable ecological indicators of human impacts such as pollution and habitat loss.
• Explore examples of human impacts from urban, agricultural, and shoreline environments.+ Show more

Learning Objectives

• Explain how protected areas, buffer zones, and habitat corridors help reduce harm to habitats and species.
• Distinguish passive protection from active restoration and creation of connected habitats.
• Describe how monitoring ecological indicators can show whether conservation efforts are working.

Learning Objectives

• Understand how organisms are classified based on observable traits.
• Learn how evidence influences classification decisions and changes.
• Identify traits that separate different groups of organisms.+ Show more

Learning Objectives

• Explain how mechanical advantage relates input force and output force using a ratio.
• Use distance ratios (or gear tooth counts) to predict output distance.
• Identify correct units and representations for force, distance, and rotation.

Learning Objectives

• Understand the importance of consistent measurement methods in data collection.
• Identify appropriate units and criteria for recording observations.
• Recognize the responding variable in an experiment to ensure data accuracy.+ Show more

Learning Objectives

• Understand the purpose of controlled variables in experiments.
• Identify the components of a controlled experiment.
• Learn how controlling variables improves data accuracy.+ Show more

Learning Objectives

• Explain how constraints limit design options in science and engineering problems
• Describe common tradeoffs that happen when one requirement conflicts with another
• Use criteria and evidence to choose the best design option that stays within limits